From 73d974fcfaab953f319ca1b7a677baf5c986506e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Ga=C3=ABl=20Depreeuw?= <gael.depreeuw@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 8 Oct 2017 19:31:44 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] Complete first 4 chapters

---
 01-all-you-need-is-lambda/README.md           |  1 +
 02-hello-haskell/2.10-a-head-code.md          | 10 +++++
 02-hello-haskell/2.11-chapter-exercises.md    | 25 ++++++++++++
 02-hello-haskell/2.5-comprehension-check.md   | 17 +++++++++
 .../2.6-parentheses-and-association.md        | 15 ++++++++
 02-hello-haskell/2.7-heal-the-sick.md         | 19 ++++++++++
 02-hello-haskell/src/chapter.hs               | 11 ++++++
 02-hello-haskell/src/chapter2.hs              | 38 +++++++++++++++++++
 02-hello-haskell/src/practise.hs              | 18 +++++++++
 03-strings/3.11-chapter-exercises.md          | 30 +++++++++++++++
 03-strings/3.4-scope.md                       |  5 +++
 03-strings/3.5-syntax-errors.md               |  4 ++
 03-strings/src/chapter3.hs                    | 34 +++++++++++++++++
 03-strings/src/reverse.hs                     | 11 ++++++
 04-basic-datatypes/4.4-mood-swings.md         |  6 +++
 04-basic-datatypes/4.6-find-the-mistakes.md   |  6 +++
 04-basic-datatypes/4.9-chapter-exercises.md   | 31 +++++++++++++++
 04-basic-datatypes/src/chapter4.hs            | 30 +++++++++++++++
 04-basic-datatypes/src/mood.hs                |  7 ++++
 19 files changed, 318 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 01-all-you-need-is-lambda/README.md
 create mode 100644 02-hello-haskell/2.10-a-head-code.md
 create mode 100644 02-hello-haskell/2.11-chapter-exercises.md
 create mode 100644 02-hello-haskell/2.5-comprehension-check.md
 create mode 100644 02-hello-haskell/2.6-parentheses-and-association.md
 create mode 100644 02-hello-haskell/2.7-heal-the-sick.md
 create mode 100644 02-hello-haskell/src/chapter.hs
 create mode 100644 02-hello-haskell/src/chapter2.hs
 create mode 100644 02-hello-haskell/src/practise.hs
 create mode 100644 03-strings/3.11-chapter-exercises.md
 create mode 100644 03-strings/3.4-scope.md
 create mode 100644 03-strings/3.5-syntax-errors.md
 create mode 100644 03-strings/src/chapter3.hs
 create mode 100644 03-strings/src/reverse.hs
 create mode 100644 04-basic-datatypes/4.4-mood-swings.md
 create mode 100644 04-basic-datatypes/4.6-find-the-mistakes.md
 create mode 100644 04-basic-datatypes/4.9-chapter-exercises.md
 create mode 100644 04-basic-datatypes/src/chapter4.hs
 create mode 100644 04-basic-datatypes/src/mood.hs

diff --git a/01-all-you-need-is-lambda/README.md b/01-all-you-need-is-lambda/README.md
new file mode 100644
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--- /dev/null
+++ b/01-all-you-need-is-lambda/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+The answers to Chapter 1 exercises are available in the book.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/02-hello-haskell/2.10-a-head-code.md b/02-hello-haskell/2.10-a-head-code.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..42ffab7
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+++ b/02-hello-haskell/2.10-a-head-code.md
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Exercises: A Head Code
+# Exercise 1
+1. Returns `5` 
+2. Returns `5 * 5 = 25`
+3. Returns `5 * 6 = 30`
+4. Returns `3 + 3 = 6`
+
+# Exercise 2
+see src/practise.hs
+
diff --git a/02-hello-haskell/2.11-chapter-exercises.md b/02-hello-haskell/2.11-chapter-exercises.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bec1925
--- /dev/null
+++ b/02-hello-haskell/2.11-chapter-exercises.md
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+# Chapter Exercises
+# Parenthesization
+1. `(2 + (2 * 3)) - 1`
+2. `(^) 10 (1 + 1)`
+3. `((2 ^ 2) * (4 ^ 5)) + 1`
+
+# Equivalent expressions
+1. Equivalent.
+2. Equivalent.
+3. Different. `(-) 37 400` is equal to `37 - 400`
+4. Different. Integer division versus real division.
+5. Different. Multiplication has higher precedence.
+
+# More fun with functions
+In the REPL:
+
+`let z = 7; x = y ^ 2; waxOn = x * 5; y = z + 8`
+
+1. `waxOn` is a number equal to `1125`. So it would be as if you replace `waxOn` by `1125`.
+2. /
+3. This will return `1125 * 3` or `3375`
+4. see src/chapter.hs
+5. see src/chapter.hs
+6. see src/chapter.hs
+7. waxOff is  basically an for the triple function.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/02-hello-haskell/2.5-comprehension-check.md b/02-hello-haskell/2.5-comprehension-check.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f220b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/02-hello-haskell/2.5-comprehension-check.md
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Exercises: Comprhension check
+## Exercise 1
+To declare these functions in the REPL, you need to prepend them with **let**.
+
+`let half x = x / 2`
+
+`let square x = x * x`
+
+## Excercise 2
+In the REPL:
+
+`let foo x = 3.14 * (x * x)`
+
+## Excercise 3
+In the REPL:
+
+`let bar x = pi * (x * x)`
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/02-hello-haskell/2.6-parentheses-and-association.md b/02-hello-haskell/2.6-parentheses-and-association.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fff075c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/02-hello-haskell/2.6-parentheses-and-association.md
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+# Exercises: Parentheses and Association
+## Exercise 1
+The parentheses change the result here.
+
+Multiplication (*) has a higher precedence, so is normally evaluated first. By adding parentheses to the addition (+), the order in which terms are evaluated is changed.
+
+## Exercise 2
+The parenthese do not change the result.
+
+Parentheses surround mulitplication, but multiplication has a higher precedence, so it does not change anything.
+
+## Exercise 3
+The parentheses change the result here.
+
+Division (\\) has a higher precedence. By adding parentheses to the addition, the order in which terms are evaluated is changed.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/02-hello-haskell/2.7-heal-the-sick.md b/02-hello-haskell/2.7-heal-the-sick.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..84e39c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/02-hello-haskell/2.7-heal-the-sick.md
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+# Exercises: Heal the Sick
+# Excercise 1
+The space between 3. and 14 should be removed.
+
+`let area x = 3.14 * (x * x)`
+
+# Exercise 2
+b is unknown is this definition, unless previously defined. The former will generate and error, the latter won't, but the intent of the function is to double the input, so `b` should be replaced by `x`
+
+`let double x = x * 2`
+
+# Exercise 3
+The line should start at the same indentation.
+
+```
+x = 7
+y = 10
+f = x + y
+```
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/02-hello-haskell/src/chapter.hs b/02-hello-haskell/src/chapter.hs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f1108b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/02-hello-haskell/src/chapter.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+-- 4
+waxOn = x * 5
+  where z = 7
+        x = y ^ 2
+        y = z + 8
+
+-- 5
+triple x = x * 3
+
+-- 6
+waxOff x = triple x
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/02-hello-haskell/src/chapter2.hs b/02-hello-haskell/src/chapter2.hs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..89fbb1f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/02-hello-haskell/src/chapter2.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+-- 2.5 Exercises: Comprehension check
+
+-- Exercise 1
+half x = x / 2
+-- let half x = x / 2
+
+square x = x * x
+-- let square x = x * x
+
+-- Exercise 2
+foo x = 3.14 * (x * x)
+
+-- Exercise 3
+bar x = pi * (x * x)
+
+-- 2.6 Exercises: Parentheses and Association
+
+-- Exercise 1
+-- aThey are different because * has priority over +
+
+-- Exercise 2
+-- Both are the same because * has priority over +
+
+-- Exercise 3
+-- They are different because / has priority over +
+
+-- 2.7 Exercises: Heal the Sick
+
+-- Exercise 1
+-- let area x = 3.14 * (x*x)
+
+-- Exercise 2
+-- let double x = x *  2
+
+-- Exercise 3
+x = 7
+y = 18
+f = x + y
diff --git a/02-hello-haskell/src/practise.hs b/02-hello-haskell/src/practise.hs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a0f7ffe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/02-hello-haskell/src/practise.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+-- The order of the where statements
+-- does not matter
+
+-- 1
+foo1 = x * 3 + y
+  where x = 3
+        y = 1000
+
+-- 2
+foo2 = x * 5
+  where x = 10 * 5 + y
+        y = 10
+
+-- 3
+foo3 = z / x + y
+  where x = 7
+        y = negate x
+        z = y * 10
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/03-strings/3.11-chapter-exercises.md b/03-strings/3.11-chapter-exercises.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..aac3334
--- /dev/null
+++ b/03-strings/3.11-chapter-exercises.md
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Chapter Exercises
+## Reading syntax
+### Excercise 1
+1. Correct
+2. Incorrect, should be:  `(++) [1,2,3] [4,5,6]
+3. Correct
+4. Correct
+5. Incorrect, should be:  `"hello" !! 4`
+6. Correct
+7. Incorrect, should be:  `take 4 "lovely"`
+8. Correct
+
+### Exercise 2
+1. a -> d
+2. b -> c
+3. c -> e
+4. d -> a
+5. e -> b
+
+## Building functions
+# Exercise 1
+1. `"Curry is awesome" ++ "!"`
+2. `("Curry is awesome!" !! 4) : ""`
+3. `drop 9 "Curry is awesome!"`
+
+# Exercises 2-5
+see src/chapter3.hs
+
+# Exercise 6
+see src/reverse.hs
diff --git a/03-strings/3.4-scope.md b/03-strings/3.4-scope.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d00a54e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/03-strings/3.4-scope.md
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Exercises: Scope
+1. Yes.
+2. No. (Assuming h is not defined previously)
+3. No. r is not in scope. Also d is not in scope of r.
+4. Yes.
diff --git a/03-strings/3.5-syntax-errors.md b/03-strings/3.5-syntax-errors.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fdb4199
--- /dev/null
+++ b/03-strings/3.5-syntax-errors.md
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Exercises: Syntax Errors
+1. Won't compile. Should be: `(++) [1,2,3] [4,5,6]`
+2. Will not compile. Should be `"<3" ++ " Haskell"`
+3. Will compile.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/03-strings/src/chapter3.hs b/03-strings/src/chapter3.hs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba71d0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/03-strings/src/chapter3.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+module Chapter3 where
+
+-- Building Functions
+-- Exercise 2
+-- This is just the most straighforward solution. Not very flexible.
+appendBang :: String -> String
+appendBang x = x ++ "!"
+
+-- Again not very flexible, nor safe. Not every string has a fourth element.
+getFourth :: String -> String
+getFourth x = (x !! 4) : ""
+
+-- Also not safe as there might not be enough characters to drop
+dropNine :: String -> String
+dropNine x = drop 9 x
+
+-- Exercise 3
+thirdLetter :: String -> Char
+thirdLetter x = x !! 2
+
+-- Exercise 4
+letterIndex :: Int -> Char
+letterIndex x = "Curry is awesome!" !! x
+
+-- Exercise 5
+-- Because we only want this to work for "Curry is awesome", I've decided to
+-- only implement it as such and thus it returns just a String
+rvrs :: String
+rvrs = 
+    let s = "Curry is awesome"
+        start = take 5 s          -- "Curry"
+        mid   = take 4 $ drop 5 s -- " is "
+        end   = drop 9 s          -- "awesome"  
+    in end ++ mid ++ start
diff --git a/03-strings/src/reverse.hs b/03-strings/src/reverse.hs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be2b5c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/03-strings/src/reverse.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+module Reverse where
+
+rvrs :: String -> String
+rvrs s = end ++ mid ++ start
+    where start = take 5 s          -- "Curry"
+          mid   = take 4 $ drop 5 s -- " is "
+          end   = drop 9 s          -- "awesome"
+
+main :: IO ()
+-- main = print (rvrs "Curry is awesome")
+main = print $ rvrs "Curry is aweomse"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/04-basic-datatypes/4.4-mood-swings.md b/04-basic-datatypes/4.4-mood-swings.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..47f6bfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/04-basic-datatypes/4.4-mood-swings.md
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Exercises: Mood Swings
+1. Mood
+2. Blah or Moot
+3. Woot is not a type, but a value. You need a type in the type signature. It should be `changeMood :: Mood -> Mood`
+4. see src/mood.hs
+5. see src/mood.hs
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/04-basic-datatypes/4.6-find-the-mistakes.md b/04-basic-datatypes/4.6-find-the-mistakes.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..476750a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/04-basic-datatypes/4.6-find-the-mistakes.md
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+# Exercises: Find the Mistakes
+1. Incorrect, should be: `not True && True`
+2. Incorrect, should be: `not (x == 6)`
+3. Correct
+4. Incorrect, should be: `["Merry"] > ["Happy"]`
+5. Incorrect, mismatched types.
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/04-basic-datatypes/4.9-chapter-exercises.md b/04-basic-datatypes/4.9-chapter-exercises.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1e75486
--- /dev/null
+++ b/04-basic-datatypes/4.9-chapter-exercises.md
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+# Chapter Exercises
+
+1. `length :: [a] -> Int` (Why not `Integer`?)
+2. Answers:
+   1. 5
+   2. 3
+   3. 2
+   4. 5
+3. `(/)` takes two `Fractional` types. `length` returns and `Int` which is not `Fractional`. (`Float` and `Double` are)
+4. Use `div` instead: `div 6 $ length [1, 2, 3]`
+5. `Bool`. `True` (Note: `(+)` has higher precedence)
+6. `Bool`. `False`
+7. Answers:
+    1. Works. `Bool`. `True`
+    2. Won't work. List needs to have elements of the same type.
+    3. Works. `Int`. `5`
+    4. Works. `Bool`. `False`
+    5. Won't work. `(&&)` needs two `Bool`'s, `9` isn't one.
+8. see src/chapter4.hs
+9. see src/chapter4.hs
+10. see src/chapter4.hs
+
+## Correcting syntax
+see src/chapter4.hs
+
+## Match the function names to their types
+1. (c)
+2. (b)
+3. (a)
+4. (d)
+
diff --git a/04-basic-datatypes/src/chapter4.hs b/04-basic-datatypes/src/chapter4.hs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6249663
--- /dev/null
+++ b/04-basic-datatypes/src/chapter4.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+module Chapter4 where
+
+-- Chapter Exercises
+-- 8
+isPalindrome :: (Eq a) => [a] -> Bool
+isPalindrome x = reverse x == x
+
+-- 9
+myAbs :: Integer -> Integer
+myAbs x = if x < 0 then negate x else x
+
+-- 10
+f :: (a,b) -> (c,d) -> ((b,d), (a,c))
+f x y = ((snd x, snd y), (fst x, fst y))
+
+-- Correcting Syntax
+-- 1
+myF :: String -> Int
+myF xs = w + 1
+    where w = length xs
+
+-- 2
+myId :: a -> a
+myId x = x
+
+-- 3
+myFirst :: (a,b) -> a
+myFirst (a, _) = a
+-- or myFirst (a, b) = a
+-- or myFirst t = fst t
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/04-basic-datatypes/src/mood.hs b/04-basic-datatypes/src/mood.hs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..de03c55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/04-basic-datatypes/src/mood.hs
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+module Mood where
+
+data Mood = Woot | Blah deriving Show
+
+changeMood :: Mood -> Mood
+changeMood Blah = Woot
+changeMood _    = Blah
\ No newline at end of file